{"id":1865,"date":"2020-11-23T20:44:20","date_gmt":"2020-11-23T19:44:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/webecpol.esade.edu\/?page_id=1865"},"modified":"2021-03-11T12:44:19","modified_gmt":"2021-03-11T11:44:19","slug":"key-topics","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/webecpol.esade.edu\/en\/key-topics\/","title":{"rendered":"Key topics"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEducation\t\t\t<\/a>\t\t<\/span>\n\t<\/h6>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\tEducation\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tClases m\u00e1s peque\u00f1as: impactos limitados para inversiones elevadas<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t
7 Apr, 2026<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

La reducci\u00f3n del tama\u00f1o de clase es una de las pol\u00edticas educativas m\u00e1s populares entre familias, docentes y gobiernos. Sin embargo, sus efectos sobre el aprendizaje son, por lo general, peque\u00f1os o nulos. Adem\u00e1s, es una pol\u00edtica muy costosa ya que exige contratar m\u00e1s profesorado (el 70-80% del gasto educativo se destina a salarios), […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tinsight\t<\/span>\t\t\tEducaci\u00f3n\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tEscuelas resilientes: excelencia en centros educativos desafiados por la pobreza<\/strong>\n\t\t
Luc\u00eda Cobreros Vicente, Lucas Gortazar<\/div>\t\t
27 Jan, 2026<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

En colaboraci\u00f3n con Fundaci\u00f3n ‘la Caixa’ y Save the Children \u2193\u00a0Descarga el informe completo Anexos t\u00e9cnicos: cuantitativo \u00b7 cualitativo Este estudio busca identificar y caracterizar aquellos centros educativos que, en contextos de elevada vulnerabilidad social, logran que su alumnado progrese por encima de lo que cabr\u00eda esperar en comparaci\u00f3n con otras escuelas de su entorno. […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tbrief\t<\/span>\t\t\tEducaci\u00f3n\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\t\u00bfQui\u00e9nes son los beneficiarios de las becas y c\u00f3mo avanzan a lo largo del periplo universitario?<\/strong>\n\t\t
Luc\u00eda Cobreros Vicente, Jos\u00e9 Montalb\u00e1n Castilla<\/div>\t\t
14 Oct, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

El sistema de becas universitarias constituye un pilar clave de la pol\u00edtica educativa para garantizar la igualdad de oportunidades en el acceso y la permanencia en la universidad. No obstante, a pesar de su relevancia, existe poca evidencia sobre su efectividad en Espa\u00f1a: diferentes an\u00e1lisis se\u00f1alan que los estudiantes beneficiarios de beca tienden a obtener […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\t<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text]

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\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCovid-19\t\t\t<\/a>\t\t<\/span>\n\t<\/h6>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\tbrief\t<\/span>\t\t\tCovid-19\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tEl pasaporte COVID reduce miles de muertes: un an\u00e1lisis con datos de Francia, Italia y Alemania<\/strong>\n\t\t
Miquel Oliu-Barton<\/div>\t\t
28 Jan, 2022<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

En este art\u00edculo evaluamos el impacto de los incentivos generados para la vacunaci\u00f3n por el pasaporte COVID para acceder a espacios p\u00fablicos en Francia, Alemania e Italia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tinsight\t<\/span>\t\t\tCovid-19\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\t\u00d3micron: lo que sabemos hoy y claves para navegar la pandemia desde ahora<\/strong>\n\t\t
Jorge Galindo<\/div>\t\t
4 Jan, 2022<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

\u00d3micron supone un paso crucial en la conversi\u00f3n de pandemia a endemia: nos confirma que el SARS-CoV-2 es un virus con el que probablemente conviviremos durante un largo tiempo.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tbrief\t<\/span>\t\t\tCovid-19\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tGanadores y perdedores de la crisis: las seis brechas que abri\u00f3 la pandemia<\/strong>\n\t\t
Toni Rold\u00e1n, Natalia Collado Van-Baumberghen, \u00c1ngel Mart\u00ednez Jorge<\/div>\t\t
10 Nov, 2021<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

\u00bfC\u00f3mo queda la foto de las desigualdades causadas por la pandemia, un a\u00f1o y medio despu\u00e9s de la eclosi\u00f3n global del virus?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\t<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text]

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\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFuture of work\t\t\t<\/a>\t\t<\/span>\n\t<\/h6>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\tinsight\t<\/span>\t\t\tFuturo del trabajo\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tEl nuevo ciclo de la orientaci\u00f3n y el acompa\u00f1amiento en las pol\u00edticas de empleo<\/strong>\n\t\t
Carlos Victoria<\/div>\t\t
25 Jun, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

Con el apoyo de Ingeus \u2193\u00a0Descarga el informe completo El mercado laboral espa\u00f1ol mantiene desequilibrios estructurales significativos: las altas tasas de desempleo \u2014general, juvenil y de larga duraci\u00f3n\u2014 representan un desaf\u00edo fundamental. Este reto se intensifica en comunidades aut\u00f3nomas con desempleo elevado y baja actividad laboral. Adem\u00e1s, ciertos colectivos (como personas con menor cualificaci\u00f3n, migrantes […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tbrief\t<\/span>\t\t\tFuture of work\t<\/a>\t\t\tGlobal challenges\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tThe impact of AI in the Spanish public sector<\/strong>\n\t\t
Jorge Galindo, Manuel Hidalgo P\u00e9rez, Carlos Victoria, Javier Mart\u00ednez Santos<\/div>\t\t
22 May, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

In collaboration with Implement Consulting Group \u00b7 With the support of Google \u2193 Download the report\u00a0 AI offers great potential to improve the delivery of public services while addressing particularly pressing challenges in the current Spanish context, such as reducing bureaucratic burdens and improving interactions with citizens. In a context like the current one, with […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tworkingpaper\t<\/span>\t\t\tFuture of work\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tWhen GenAI increases inequality: evidence from a university debating competition<\/strong>\n\t\t
Toni Rold\u00e1n<\/div>\t\t
10 Sep, 2024<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

This paper evaluates the impact of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) on productivity and work inequality. I run a Randomized Controlled Trial in a university debating competition, in which I randomly assign GenAI support to students to prepare a series of one-on-one debates. This novel setting allows me to measure productivity improvements in a task involving […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\t<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text]

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\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tGreen transition\t\t\t<\/a>\t\t<\/span>\n\t<\/h6>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\tbrief\t<\/span>\t\t\tGreen transition\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tA green industrial policy for Spain in the European framework\u00a0<\/strong>\n\t\t
Jorge Galindo, Pedro Linares Llamas<\/div>\t\t
1 Mar, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

Decarbonization, inevitable in the current context, presents an opportunity to develop technologies that drive the energy transition. While Spain has experienced a decline in its industrial sector, the shift to a decarbonized economy opens a window to reverse this trend. The goal is not just reindustrialization but doing so in high-value-added sectors that promote quality […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tinsight\t<\/span>\t\t\tGreen transition\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tAnalyzing the adoption of clean technologies in Spanish households<\/strong>\n\t\t
Jorge Galindo, \u00c1lvaro Fern\u00e1ndez<\/div>\t\t
28 Feb, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

The adoption of cleaner or more efficient technologies usually occurs earlier in higher-income households or those defined by other variables facilitating the costs associated with such adoption. In a context where the shared objective is decarbonizing the economy, public policy should ensure that adoption is as comprehensive and equitable as possible, making these technologies equally […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tinsight\t<\/span>\t\t\tGreen transition\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tHow are medium and long-distance trips in Spain, and what can be done to reduce their emissions?<\/strong>\n\t\t
Manuel P\u00e9rez Bravo, Pedro Linares Llamas, Jorge Galindo<\/div>\t\t
30 Jan, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

Spain has set very ambitious goals for the decarbonization of the transport sector: a 34% reduction in CO2 emissions by 2030, 60% by 2040, and 90% by 2050. In the long term, structural changes (development of railway infrastructure, penetration of electric vehicles, modification of transport supply and demand…) will play a central role in achieving […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\t<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text]

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\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tGender & inequality\t\t\t<\/a>\t\t<\/span>\n\t<\/h6>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\tbrief\t<\/span>\t\t\tGender & inequality\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tThe Gender Pay Gap in Spain: What Factors Contribute to Its Persistence?<\/strong>\n\t\t
Claudia Hupkau, Jimena Contreras<\/div>\t\t
7 Mar, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

Spain has made significant progress in reducing the gender pay gap between 2010 and 2022, although substantial disparities remain. Our analysis of Spanish labor market data indicates a clear downward trend in the wage gap between men and women, alongside evidence that structural barriers continue to impede equality. The main findings are: Reduction of the […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tbrief\t<\/span>\t\t\tGender & inequality\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tWhat do we know about the use of paternity leave in Spain?<\/strong>\n\t\t
L\u00eddia Farr\u00e9, Libertad Gonz\u00e1lez, Claudia Hupkau, Jenifer Ruiz-Valenzuela<\/div>\t\t
12 Mar, 2024<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

In recent years, paternity leave permits in Spain haves been progressively extended until to becominge the most generous ones in the OECD. Since 2021, paternity leave in Spain is 16 weeks, matching the length of maternity leave. This level has been achieved through successive reforms that have increased the length of leave from 2 weeks […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tinsight\t<\/span>\t\t\tEducation\t<\/a>\t\t\tFuture of work\t<\/a>\t\t\tGender & inequality\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tWomen in STEM: From Basic Education to the Professional Career<\/strong>\n\t\t
Luc\u00eda Cobreros Vicente, Jorge Galindo, Teresa Raigada<\/div>\t\t
4 Mar, 2024<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

This study proposes the most in-depth and detailed analysis of gender inequality in STEM fields in Spain to date. Distinctively, we focus on areas with a significant emphasis on mathematics, where the most pronounced gaps occur; we cover everything from basic education, thanks to the latest PISA results, to the professional career, for which we […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\t<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text]

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\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMacro & fiscal policy\t\t\t<\/a>\t\t<\/span>\n\t<\/h6>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\tbrief\t<\/span>\t\t\tMacro & fiscal policy\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tReconfiguring Global Value Chains amid New Trade Tensions: Adapting in a Fragmented World<\/strong>\n\t\t
Carolina Villegas<\/div>\t\t
1 Aug, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

\u2192 Geoeconomic tensions have spurred diversification strategies such as China+1, nearshoring, and friendshoring, reshaping value chains to reduce concentration risks in China. \u2192 Although Chinese exports are rerouted through third countries (Mexico, Vietnam), recent U.S. \u201cLiberation Day\u201d tariffs curb these tactics, yet six in ten companies have already altered their logistics routes in 2025. \u2192 […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tbrief\t<\/span>\t\t\tMacro & fiscal policy\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tThe New Trade Policy<\/strong>\n\t\t
Eduardo Morales<\/div>\t\t
1 Aug, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

\u2192 Both the U.S. and EU have shifted toward protectionist policies and industrial subsidies (Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, CHIPS Act, IRA; European Chips Act, MRR), reversing the era of tariff openness and raising regulatory uncertainty. \u2192 Discretionary tariff exemptions and the unpredictability of new trade barriers complicate business planning, raise capital costs, and disrupt […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tbrief\t<\/span>\t\t\tMacro & fiscal policy\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tThe European Union under a Second Trump Administration<\/strong>\n\t\t
Federico Steinberg<\/div>\t\t
1 Aug, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

\u2192 The Trump administration views the EU as a commercial and political rival, exercising transactional isolationism and tariffs that threaten a rules-based international order. \u2192 To reduce risks, the EU must deepen internal integration (banking union, capital markets union, fiscal union) and issue joint debt to finance security, defense, and infrastructure, thereby enhancing economic resilience. […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\t<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text]

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\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPolarisation\t\t\t<\/a>\t\t<\/span>\n\t<\/h6>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\twebinar\t<\/span>\t\t\tMacro & fiscal policy\t<\/a>\t\t\tPolarisation\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tMartin Sandbu & Toni Roldan<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t
9 SEP, 2024<\/span>11:00 - 12:00 h<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

Martin Sandbu is the European economic commentator for the Financial Times. In this conversation, Toni Rold\u00e1n (director of EsadeEcPol) discusses with him the key economic challenges facing Western market economies and how they are deeply entrenched with the current wave of populist elections across democracies. Rold\u00e1n and Sandbu build on Sandbu’s book, The Economics of […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tevento\t<\/span>\t\t\tCities\t<\/a>\t\t\tEducation\t<\/a>\t\t\tFuture of work\t<\/a>\t\t\tGender & inequality\t<\/a>\t\t\tGlobal challenges\t<\/a>\t\t\tGreen transition\t<\/a>\t\t\tInequality and Taxation\t<\/a>\t\t\tMacro & fiscal policy\t<\/a>\t\t\tPolarisation\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\t“Un Pa\u00eds Posible”: conversation with the Harvard Kennedy School Spain Alumni Network.<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t
29 NOV, 2023<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

Last Tuesday, November 28th, we talked about our book “Un Pa\u00eds Posible: Manual de Reformas Pol\u00edticamente Viables” (Un Pa\u00eds Posible: A Handbook of Politically Viable Reforms) thanks to the invitation of the Harvard Kennedy School Spain Alumni Network. The conversation counted with the interventions of Toni Rold\u00e1n, Miguel Almunia, Marta Su\u00e1rez-Varela and Antonio Cabrales and […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tbrief\t<\/span>\t\t\tCiudades\t<\/a>\t\t\tDesigualdad y Fiscalidad\t<\/a>\t\t\tEducaci\u00f3n\t<\/a>\t\t\tFuturo del trabajo\t<\/a>\t\t\tG\u00e9nero y desigualdad\t<\/a>\t\t\tMacro y fiscal\t<\/a>\t\t\tObservatorio NextGenEU\t<\/a>\t\t\tPolarizaci\u00f3n\t<\/a>\t\t\tRetos globales\t<\/a>\t\t\tTransici\u00f3n verde\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tNuevo libro: ‘Un pa\u00eds posible’<\/strong>\n\t\t
Toni Rold\u00e1n, Teresa Raigada, Lucas Gortazar, Jorge Galindo<\/div>\t\t
10 Oct, 2023<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

Espa\u00f1a tiene pr\u00e1cticamente la misma renta real per capita que hace 15 a\u00f1os, mientras que otros pa\u00edses de nuestro entorno son mucho m\u00e1s ricos que entonces. Esto significa que en los \u00faltimos dieciocho a\u00f1os no hemos mejorado, de media, nuestro nivel de vida. Nos encontramos, por tanto, en el camino hacia dos d\u00e9cadas perdidas. Hay […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\t<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text]

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\n\t\t\tCities\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tAlternatives to Traditional Residential Housing \u00b7 Impact on Housing Demand<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t
11 Apr, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

In this article, originally published in the Economic and Financial Report released in March 2025 with the support of Banco Sabadell, Jordi Fabregat\u2014professor at Esade and board member of the Esade Alumni Real Estate Club\u2014explores how models such as senior living or student residences could alleviate pressure on the conventional rental market. These alternatives respond […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tCities\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tThe new rental market: new formulas, old objectives<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t
10 Apr, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

In this article, originally published in the Economic and Financial Report we issued in March 2025 with the support of Banco Sabadell, economist and TecnoCampus professor Josep Maria Raya conducts an in-depth analysis of the rental market, highlighting that: Seasonal rentals and room rentals are increasing, attracting supply away from long-term rentals. Regulatory uncertainty and […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\tCities\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tHousing market: the perfect storm<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t
7 Apr, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

In this article originally published in the *Informe Econ\u00f3mico y Financiero* that we released in March 2025 with the support of Banco Sabadell, Professor Joan Monr\u00e0s reviews the four forces that have converged to push up housing demand: less construction, credit regulation after the crisis, the tourism boom, and the pandemic. This shock puts pressure […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\t<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text]

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\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tGlobal challenges\t\t\t<\/a>\t\t<\/span>\n\t<\/h6>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\tevento\t<\/span>\t\t\tRetos globales\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tLuis de Guindos conversa con Toni Rold\u00e1n<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t
2 OCT, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

El pasado jueves 2 de octubre Luis de Guindos, vicepresidente del Banco Central Europeo, convers\u00f3 con Toni Rold\u00e1n, director de EsadeEcPol, sobre los principales desaf\u00edos econ\u00f3micos de Europa y Espa\u00f1a. De Guindos defendi\u00f3 la urgencia de integrar el mercado interior europeo de bienes y servicios como paso previo a una verdadera uni\u00f3n de mercados de […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

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\n\t\t\twebinar\t<\/span>\t\t\tMacro y fiscal\t<\/a>\t\t\tRetos globales\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tWebinar: coyuntura internacional, nacional y fractura del orden global \u2013 Informe Econ\u00f3mico y Financiero #37<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t
15 JUL, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

En un contexto marcado por la fractura del orden econ\u00f3mico mundial \u2014con nuevos bloques comerciales y cadenas de suministro reconfigur\u00e1ndose\u2014 presentamos el Informe Econ\u00f3mico y Financiero #37 (con el apoyo de Banco Sabadell). El encuentro repasar\u00e1 las tendencias internacionales y nacionales m\u00e1s recientes y debatir\u00e1 sus implicaciones para la econom\u00eda espa\u00f1ola, con especial foco en […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>

\n\t\"\"<\/a>\n\t
\n\t\t\tbrief\t<\/span>\t\t\tFuture of work\t<\/a>\t\t\tGlobal challenges\t<\/a>\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\tThe impact of AI in the Spanish public sector<\/strong>\n\t\t
Jorge Galindo, Manuel Hidalgo P\u00e9rez, Carlos Victoria, Javier Mart\u00ednez Santos<\/div>\t\t
22 May, 2025<\/span><\/h6>\n\t\t

In collaboration with Implement Consulting Group \u00b7 With the support of Google \u2193 Download the report\u00a0 AI offers great potential to improve the delivery of public services while addressing particularly pressing challenges in the current Spanish context, such as reducing bureaucratic burdens and improving interactions with citizens. In a context like the current one, with […]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\t<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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